- January 28
- Battle of New Bern, North Carolina. [1]
- January 29
- Battle of Moorefield, West Virginia (Rosser's Raid). [1]
- February 1
- Battle of Yazoo River, Mississippi. [1]
- February 2
- Cruise of CSS Florida. [1]
- February 3
- Sherman's march through Georgia. [1]
- February 4
- Skirmish at Big Black River Bridge, Mississippi. [1]
- February 5
- Federals occupy Jackson, Mississippi. [1]
- February 6
- Skirmish at Barnett's Ford, Virginia. [1]
- February 7
- Federal troops occupy Jacksonville, Florida. [1]
- February 13
- Meridian Campaign fighting at Chunky Creek and Wyatt, Mississippi. [1]
- February 16
- Battle of Mobile, Alabama - operations by Union Army. [1]
- February 17
- Confederate submarine "HL Hunley" sinks Union ship "Housatonic" (first submarine to sink an enemy ship). [1]
- February 20
- Civil War Battle of Olustee, Florida. [1]
- February 21
- Battle at Okolona, Mississippi. [1]
- February 22
- Battle at Dalton, Georgia. [1]
- Second and last day of Battle of Okolona, Mississippi. [1]
- Skirmish at Calfkiller Creek (Sparta), Tennessee. [1]
- February 24
- Battle of Tunnel Hill, Georgia (Buzzard's Roost). [1]
- February 27
- Near Andersonville, Georgia, rebels open a new prisoner-of-war camp "Camp Sumter". [1]
- Sixth and last day of Battle at Dalton, Georgia (about 600 casualties). [1]
- February 28
- Raid at Kilpatrick's, Richmond. [1]
- Skirmish at Albemarle County, Virginia (Burton's Ford). [1]
- March 9
- Ulysses S Grant is appointed commander of Union Army. [1]
- March 10
- Grant is named commander of the Union armies. [1]
- Red River campaign, Louisiana. [1]
- March 11
- Skirmish at Calfkiller Creek (Sparta), Tennessee. [1]
- March 14
- Union troops occupy Fort de Russy, Louisiana. [1]
- March 15
- Red River Campaign - Union forces reach Alexandria, Louisiana. [1]
- March 21
- Battle at Henderson's Hill (Bayou Rapids), Louisiana. [1]
- March 23
- Encounter at Camden, Arkansas. [1]
- March 25
- Battle of Paducah, Kentucky (Forrest's raid). [1]
- March 29
- Union General Steeles troops reach Arkadelphia, Arkansas. [1]
- March 30
- Skirmish at Mount Elba, Arkansas. [1]
- April 2
- Skirmish at Crump's Hill (Piney Woods), Louisiana. [1]
- Skirmish at Spoonville/Antoine, Arkansas. [1]
- April 3
- Skirmish at Okolona, Arkansas. [1]
- April 4
- Skirmish at Elkin's Ford (Little Missouri River), Arkansas. [1]
- April 8
- Battle of Mansfield, Louisiana; Federals routed by General Richard Taylor. [1]
- April 9
- Battle of Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, 2870 casualities. [1]
- April 12
- Battle of Blair's Landing, Louisiana. [1]
- Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest captures Fort Pillow, Tennessee. [1]
- April 15
- General Steeles' Union troops occupies Camden, Arkansas. [1]
- April 17
- Battle of Plymouth, North Carolina. [1]
- Grant suspends prisoner-of-war exchanges. [1]
- April 18
- Battle of Poison Springs, Arkansas (Camden Expedition). [1]
- April 19
- Naval Engagement at Cherbourg, France: USS Kearsage versus CSS Alabama. [1]
- April 22
- US Congress approves switching the 1-cent coin from copper-nickel to French bronze (95 percent copper, 5 percent tin and zinc), weighing 48 grains. Also authorized is a 2-cent coin of the same composition and twice the weight. Legal tender amount of the 1-cent coin is limited to 10 cents, and the 2-cent piece to 20 cents. Production and circulation of tokens of those denominations is banned. [1] [393.60] [411.58] [441.34] [482.50] [488.36] [501.81] [646.15]
- Joseph Gilbert Totten, US Union General-Major, dies at age 76. [1]
- April 23
- Battle of Cane River, Louisiana (Red River Expedition, Monett's Ferry). [1]
- April 25
- Battle of Marks' Mill, Arkansas (Camden Expedition). [1]
- April 29
- Skirmish at Jenkins' Ferry, Arkansas, begins. [1]
- April 30
- Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, Arkansas; General William Read Scurry is killed. [1]
- May 1
- Atlanta campaign, Georgia. [1]
- Battle at Alexandria, Louisiana (Red River Campaign). [1]
- Wilderness campaign. [1]
- May 3
- Third day in Battle at Alexandria, Louisiana: Confederate assault. [1]
- May 4
- General Grant's Army at Potomac attacks at Rappahannock. [1]
- Ulysses S Grant crosses Rapidan and begins his duel with Robert E Lee. [1]
- May 5
- Alexander Hays, US Union-general-major, dies in battle at age 44. [1]
- John Marshall Jones, Confederate Brigadier-General, dies in battle at age 43. [1]
- Leroy A Stafford, US Confederate Brigadier-General, dies in battle at age 42. [1]
- Atlanta Campaign - Five days fighting begins at Rocky Face Ridge. [1]
- Battle between Confederate and Union ships at mouth of Roanoke. [1]
- Battle of Wilderness, Virginia (Germanna Ford, Wilderness Tavern). [1]
- May 6
- Henry Livermore Abbott, US Union Brigadier-General, dies in battle. [1]
- Micah Jenkins, Confederate Brigadier-General (friendly fire), dies at age 28. [1]
- Battle of Port Walthall Junction, Virginia. [1]
- Battle of Wilderness - General Longstreet seriously injured. [1]
- General Sherman begins advance to Atlanta, Georgia. [1]
- May 7
- Battle of Wilderness ends (total losses: USA-17,666; CSA-7,500). [1]
- Skirmish at Port Walthall Junction, Virginia (Drewry's Bluff). [1]
- May 8
- James Samuel Wadsworth, General-Major (Union), dies in battle at age 56. [1]
- Actions at Stony Creek/Nottoway Bridge, Virginia (Drewry's Bluff). [1]
- Atlanta Campaign: severe fighting near Dalton. [1]
- Battle of Antietam, Virginia (Spotslyvania Court House, Laurel Hill). [1]
- May 9
- "Uncle" John Sedgwick, US Union general-major, dies in battle at age 50. [1]
- Thomas Donnely Doubleday, US Union Colonel, dies in an accident. [1]
- Battle of Cloyd's Mount and Swift Creek, Virginia (Drewery's Bluff, Fort Darling). [1]
- Battle of Dalton, Georgia. [1]
- Skirmish at Ware Bottom Church, Virginia. [1]
- May 10
- James Clay Rice, lawyer/Union Brigadier-General, dies in battle at age 34. [1]
- Thomas Greeley Stevenson, Union Brigadier-General, dies at about age 27. [1]
- Battles at Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia. [1]
- Skirmish at Ny River, Virginia. [1]
- May 11
- General J E B Stuart is mortally wounded in Battle of Yellow Tavern Virginia (Sheridan's Raid, South Anna Bridge). [1]
- May 12
- Abner Monroe Perrin, Confederate Brigadier-General, dies in battle at age 37. [1]
- J.E.B. Stuart, Confederate General, dies at age 31. [1]
- Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia. [1]
- Battle of Todd's Tavern, Virginia (Sheridan's Raid). [1]
- Butler attacks Drewry's Bluff on James River (Fort Darling). [1]
- US Union colonel Emory Upton (24) promoted to Brigadier-General. [1]
- May 13
- Junius Daniel, Confederate Brigadier-General, dies at age 35. [1]
- Atlanta Campaign - Battle of Resaca, Georgia. [1]
- May 14
- William N Green Jr, Union Brigadier-General, dies. [1]
- Battle of Reseca, Atlanta, Georgia(second day). [1]
- May 15
- Battle of New Market, Virginia. [1]
- Battle of Resaca, Georgia (third day). [1]
- Skirmish at Marksville (Avoyelles) (Red River Campaign). [1]
- May 16
- Atlanta Campaign - battle of Resaca, ends (since May 13). [1]
- Battle of Bermuda Hundred, Virginia. [1]
- Last battles at Drewry's Bluff, Virginia (6,666 casualties). [1]
- May 17
- Battle of Adairsville, Georgia; Union forces Confederates to retreat. [1]
- May 18
- James Byron Gordon, Confederate Brigadier-General, dies at age 41. [1]
- Battle of Yellow Bayou, Louisiana (Bayou de Glaize, Old Oaks). [1]
- May 19
- Battle of Port Walthall Junction, Virginia (Bermuda Hundred). [1]
- Last engagement in series of battles known as Spotsylvania. [1]
- Skirmish at Cassville, Georgia. [1]
- May 20
- Battle at Ware Bottom Church, Virginia; 1,400 killed or injured. [1]
- Spotsylvania - campaign ends after 10,920 killed/injured person. [1]
- The US Mint releases the first bronze 1-cent coins to circulation. [411.59]
- May 21
- General David Hunter takes command of Department of West Virginia. [1]
- May 22
- Battle of North Anna River, Virginia (Totopotamy River, Haw's Shop, Hanovertown). [1]
- May 23
- Battle of Dallas, Georgia. [1]
- Battle of North Anna, Virginia, first of three days of fighting. [1]
- May 25
- Battle of New Hope Church, Georgia. [1]
- May 26
- Skirmish along the Totopotomoy Creek, Virginia. [1]
- May 27
- Skirmish at Salem Church (Haw's Shop), Virginia. [1]
- May 28
- Henry H Giesy, US Union-Brigadier-General, dies in battle. [1]
- May 30
- James Barbour Terrill, US attorney/Confederate Brigadier-General, dies at age 26. [1]
- Battle of Bethesda Church, Virginia. [1]
- Cavalry fight at Old Church (Totopotomoy Creek), Virginia. [1]
- May 31
- At a Republican convention in Cleveland, Ohio, General John C. Fremont is nominated for US President. [504.106]
- Raid at Morgan's, Kentucky. [1]
- June 1
- Battle of Cold Harbour, Virginia. [1]
- June 2
- Battle of Cold Harbour, day two. [1]
- June 3
- Battle of Cold Harbour continues. [1]
- June 5
- General William E "Grumble" Jones killed at Piedmont. [1]
- The chief clerk of US loans discovers 100 $1000 bonds are missing from the US Treasury. [411.46] [428.42]
- June 8
- At the National Union Convention in Baltimore, Maryland, Abraham Lincoln is nominated for second term as US President, with Andrew Johnson as candidate for vice president. [1] [504.106]
- Congress sets the penalty for counterfeiting US coins at $3000 and/or five years in prison. [434.46]
- June 14
- Battle of Pine Mount, General Leonidas Polk killed in action. [1]
- June 15
- Battle for Petersburg begins as General Grant assaults Confederate line. [1]
- Robert E Lee's home area (Arlington, Virginia) becomes a military cemetery. [1]
- June 16
- Siege of Petersburg and Richmond begins. [1]
- June 18
- At Petersburg, Grant ends four days of assaults. [1]
- June 19
- CSS "Alabama" sunk by USS "Kearsarge" off Cherbourg, France. [1]
- June 20
- US Congress forbids gold trading. [439.38]
- June 25
- Petersburg Campaign - Federals begin digging tunnels under Rebel lines. [1]
- June 27
- Atlanta Campaign - Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. [1]
- June 30
- Congress authorizes three-year interest-bearing notes. [511.36]
- July 2
- US Congress repeals the act of June 20 forbidding gold trading. [439.38]
- General Early and Confederate forces reach Winchester. [1]
- July 4
- Congress passes an act to build a mint at Dalles City, Oregon. [640.56]
- July 17
- CSA President Davis replaces General Joe Johnston with John Bell Hood. [1]
- July 20
- Battle of Peachtree Creek - Atlanta Campaign. [1]
- July 22
- Battle of Atlanta - Hood attacks Sherman and suffers terrible losses. [1]
- July 28
- Atlanta Campaign - Battle of Ezra Church. [1]
- August 4
- Land and naval action at Brazos Santiago, Texas. [1]
- August 5
- Battle of Mobile Bay, Alabama; Admiral David Farragut orders "Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead!". [1]
- August 6
- Rebels evacuate Fort Powell, Mobile Bayd. [1]
- August 11
- S.B. Colby-Francis E. Spinner begins term as US Treasurer. [474.30]
- August 15
- Off New England coast, CSS Tallahassee captures six yankee schooners. [1]
- August 18
- Petersburg Campaign - Battle of Weldon Railroad day one of three days. [1]
- August 23
- Fall of Fort Morgan at Mobile, Alabama. [1]
- August 25
- Petersburg Campaign - Battle of Ream's Station. [1]
- August 31
- The Democratic Party nominates General George B. McLellan for US President. [504.108]
- Atlanta Campaign - Battle of Jonesborough. [1]
- September 2
- Union General William T Sherman captures Atlanta. [1]
- September 19
- Third Battle of Winchester, Virginia. [1]
- October 5
- Battle of Allatoona, one-third of Union troops die repulsing the South. [1]
- October 14
- The New York Gold Exchange is organized. [553.36]
- October 19
- Approx 25 Confederates make surprise attack on Saint Albans, Vermont. [1]
- Battle of Cedar Creek, Virginia, Union beats back Confederate attackers. [1]
- October 23
- Battle of Westport, Missouri. [1]
- Union General Samuel R Curtis defeats Confederate General Stirling Price. [1]
- October 31
- Nevada admitted as 36th US state. [1] [516.64]
- November 1
- The US Post Office establishes postal money order system. [556.72]
- November 8
- Abraham Lincoln elected to his second term as US President. [1] [504.109]
- November 11
- Sherman's troops destroy Rome, Georgia. [1]
- November 15
- Sherman burns Atlanta, Georgia. [1]
- November 16
- Union General William T Sherman begins march to the sea. [1]
- November 25
- Confederate plot to burn New York City fails. [1]
- November 30
- Battle of Franklin, Tennessee. [1]
- December 1
- Raid at Stoneman: Knoxville, Tennessee, to Saltville, Virginia. [1]
- Skirmish at Millen Brutal, Georgia. [1]
- December 2
- Archibald Gracie Jr, Confederate Brigadier-General, dies in battle at age 31. [1]
- Skirmish at Rocky Creek Church, Georgia. [1]
- December 3
- Skirmish at Thomas' Station, Georgia. [1]
- December 4
- Battle of Waynesborough, Brier Creek, Georgia. [1]
- December 6
- Battle of Deveaux's Neck, South Carolina. [1]
- December 7
- Skirmish at Ebenezer Creek/Cypress Swamp, Georgia. [1]
- December 10
- General Sherman's armies reach Savannah and twelve day siege begins. [1]
- December 13
- Former Treasury Secretary Salmon P. Chase is sworn in as chief justice of the US. [558.64]
- Battle of Fort McAllister, Georgia. [1]
- December 15
- Battle of Nashville, Tennessee. [1]
- Raid on Stoneman: Abingdon and Glade Springs, Virginia. [1]
- December 16
- Battle of Nashville ends after 4400 casualities. [1]
- December 17
- Battle of Franklin, Tennessee. [1]
- December 20
- Battle of Fort Fisher, North Carolina. [1]
- December 21
- General Sherman conquers Savannah. [1]
- December 24
- Battle of Gordonsville, Virginia. [1]
- December 28
- Battle of Egypt Station, Mississippi. [1]
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