- December 1
- Thomas Tucker takes office as US treasurer. [573.42]
1802
- April 2
- A bill is introduced in Congress to repeal the Act Establishing a Mint, and directing the President to liquidate its assets. [714.42]
- May 3
- Washington DC incorporates as a city. [1]
- All foreign gold and silver coins cease to be legal tender in the USA for three years. [403.60] [491.48]
1803
- March 1
- Ohio becomes 17th state to join the USA. [1] [453.70]
- April 30
- The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million, doubling the size of the country. [1] [5]
1804
- February 18
- First US land-grant college, Ohio University, Athens Ohio, chartered. [1]
- New Jersey Legislature charters the first bank in the state. [699.24]
- May
- The first American-mined gold is deposited at the Philadelphia Mint for coinage. [546.78]
- July 11
- US Vice President Aaron Burr kills Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton in a pistol duel near Weehawken. [1] [677.28]
1805
- May 3
- Spanish milled dollar coins resume legal tender status in the USA. [403.60]
- November 7
- William Clark (Lewis and Clark exposition) sights the Pacific Ocean for the first time. [1] [541.36]
- November 8
- The Lewis and Clark expedition arrives at the Pacific Ocean, the first European explorers to do so by an overland route from the east. [129]
- December 23
- US Senate confirms Robert Patterson as Mint director. [566.24] [608.24]
1806
- May 1
- Secretary of State James Madison instructs U.S. Mint Director Robert Patterson to cease coinage of silver coins larger than the half dollar due to exportation of silver dollars by the Bank of the United States. [620.60]
1809
- March 24
- Farmers Exchange Bank of Glocester, Rhode Island becomes first US bank to fail. [711.34]
- June 10
- First US steamboat to a make an ocean voyage leaves New York for Philadelphia. [1]
1811
- December 16
- New Madrid, Missouri is the epicenter of a massive earthquake 7.2-8.1 magnitude, felt as far away as New York and Florida. Likely cause is overhead explosion of comet fragments, as the comet had been observed earlier. By May 1812, one resident of Kentucky had recorded 2000 separate tremors. [1] [53] [275.88] [521]
- December 26
- In Richmond, Virginia, a fire breaks out in a new theater, killing almost eighty, including Governor George Smith. [521]
1812
- January 8
- Congress proposes a second Bank of the United States. [629.42]
- March 14
- Congress authorizes notes bearing 6 percent interest to finance impending war with Great Britain. [1] [482.38] [606.38]
- May 12
- Stephen Girard of Philadelphia purchases the assets of defunct Bank of United States. [406.88]
- August 19
- 44-gun frigate USS Constitution defeats British 38-gun frigate HMS Guerriere. The strength of the American ship causes British round cannonballs to bounce off the sides, leading to the ship's nickname "Old Ironsides". [1] [450.146]
- September 14
- City Bank of New York opens for business. [549.72]
1813
- February 25
- Congress authorizes interest-bearing $100 treasury notes. [480.56]
- August 2
- Congress taxes bank note circulation 1-2 percent. [465.62]
- September 10
- US Navy Commodore Oliver H Perry defeats the British in the Battle of Lake Erie. [1] [546.36]
1814
- February 15
- President James Madison appoints Adam Eckfelt as chief coiner. [601.58]
- March 4
- Congress authorizes 5.4 percent interest-bearing notes. [481.62]
- August 24
- Battle of Bladensburg; British beat Americans, march on Washington, DC, White House burned. [1] [118.28] [431.60] [520.52]
- September 12
- Battle of North Point fought near Baltimore during War of 1812; American citizens repel about 5000 British troops. [1] [437.88]
- September 13
- Start of two-day bombardment of Fort McHenry (USA) by British naval forces. [437.88]
- October 6
- Alexander J. Dallas takes office as Treasury Secretary. [442.91] [525.44] [552.48]
- October 17
- Treasury Secretary George Dallas recommends creation of a national bank with capital of $50 million. [553.36]
- December 26
- Congress authorizes 5.4 percent interest-bearing notes. [464.44]
1815
- January 8
- US 7th Infantry Regiment plus others (total 4500) defeat a British force of 8000 in the Battle of New Orleans under Major General Andrew Jackson. The battle was fought on the grounds of Chalmette Plantation, downriver from New Orleans. British killed/wounded/captured: 2055; American: 101. [1] [118.26] [432.75]
- January 20
- President James Madison vetoes a bill that would create a second Bank of the United States. [570.62]
- October 22
- William H. Crawford takes office as Treasury Secretary. [555.30]
1816
- January 11
- A disasterous fire closes down the Philadelphia Mint. [470.32]
- April 10
- Congress passes the Act Regulating the Currency of Foreign Coins in the United States. [399.22] [486.32]
- October 22
- William H. Crawford takes office as Treasury Secretary. [445.60]
- December 2
- Philadelphia Savings Fund Society opens first savings bank in US to accept deposits. [1] [547.38]
1817
- January 7
- The Second Bank of the United States opens for business. [1] [470.32]
- January 17
- The Second Bank of the United States opens for business in Carpenter's Hall. [630.72]
- July 4
- Construction on Erie Canal begins with ground-breaking in Utica, New York, USA. The canal will run 350 miles between Buffalo and Albany. [1] [303.49]
1818
- April 14
- US Medical Corp forms. [1]
- April 16
- US Senate ratifies Rush-Bagot amendment (unarmed US-Canada border). [1]
- April 28
- Monroe proclaims naval disarmament on Great Lakes and Lake Champlain. [1]
- December 3
- Illinois admitted as 21st US state. [1] [453.70] [498.40]
1819
- September 7
- The Second Bank of the United States issues bank notes. [698.42]
1820
- May 8
- The US National Botanic Garden is established. [404.44] [621.58]
- November 29
- Kentucky legislature establishes Bank of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, entirely owned by the state. [547.38]
1821
- July 10
- The United States takes possession of its newly bought territory of Florida from Spain. [5]
- August 10
- Missouri admitted as 24th US state. [453.70] [474.30] [714.15]
1822
- May 30
- House slave betrays Denmark Vesey conspiracy (37 blacks hanged). [1]
- June 18
- Part of US-Canadian boundary determined. [1]
- July 2
- Denmark Vesey and five aides hanged at Blake's Landing, Charleston, South Carolina. [1]
1823
- March 3
- An act of Congress fixes the value of gold coins of Great Britain, Portugal, France, Spain, Brazil, Mexico, and Columbia. [603.56]
1825
- January 3
- US Senate confirms Samuel Moore as Mint director. [568.58]
- March 4
- Inauguration of John Quincy Adams as President of the USA. [1] [410.99]
- March 7
- Richard Rush takes office as Treasury Secretary. [605.22]
- October 26
- The Erie Canal opens passage from Albany, New York, on the Hudson River, to Lake Erie. [1] [5] [303.49]
1827
- February 28
- The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad is the first US railway to be chartered for commercial transportation of freight and passengers. [1] [421.121]
1828
- October 27
- Benjamin Parks claims a gold discovery in Georgia, USA. [450.52]
1829
- March 4
- Andrew Jackson swears the oath of office to become 7th President of the USA. [1] [421.24] [432.75]
- May 26
- John Campbell takes office as US Treasurer. [415.52]
- July 4
- The cornerstone is laid by US President Andrew Jackson for the Mint building at the corner of Chestnut and Juniper Streets in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. [1] [403.20] [417.56]
1830
- March 29
- Congress rejects legislation to provide for a national issue of paper money. [484.34]
1831
- October 19
- Assets of the Bank of the United States are liquidated at public auction. [539.42] [555.30]
1832
- April 20
- US Congress passes legislation making the Hot Springs Reservation in Arkansas the first nationally protected area in the USA. [389.54] [551.1]
- June 16
- Battle of Kellogg's Grove, Illinois. [1]
- July 10
- President Andrew Jackson vetoes an extension of the charter of the Second Bank of the United States. [1] [418.44] [512.36]
1833
- January 28
- The Bank of the United States reports to the House Committee of Ways and Means the names of foreign stockholders of the Bank of the United States. [473.58]
- September 23
- Roger B. Taney takes office as US Treasury secretary. [503.40]
1834
- June 28
- Congress reduces the weight and fineness of standard gold coins, and changes the silver/gold ratio to 16 to 1. [506.40]
- June 30
- US Congress creates Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). [1]
- July 1
- Levi Woodbury takes office as US Treasury secretary. [511.36]
- July 5
- Provisional government established in Oregon Country. [1]
1835
- January 8
- The United States national debt is zero for the only time. [5]
- March 3
- US Congress establishes Branch Mints at Charlotte, North Carolina; Dahlonega, Georgia; and New Orleans, Louisiana, and establishes practice of using Mint marks on US coinage. [1] [481.62] [512.91] [516.92]
- June 19
- New Orleans gives US government Jackson Square to be used as a mint. [1] [414.56]
- July 1
- Robert Maskell Patterson becomes Mint director. [446.58]
- July 6
- In Vicksburg, Mississippi, local militia hangs five gamblers following months of trouble, culminating in the murder of a doctor and armed resistance to the law. [187.252] [565.59]
- July 8
- Liberty Bell cracks (again). [1]
- August 3
- The US government purchases the site for the Dahlonega Mint, for US$1050. [421.68] [517.86] [684.68]
- September 22
- Benjamin Towns of Athens, Georgia, contracts to build the Dahlonega Mint for $33,450. [503.40]
- November 2
- The US government purchases the site for the Charlotte Mint for US$1500. [450.52] [712.32]
1836
- June 15
- Arkansas is admitted to the USA as the 25th state. [1] [505.44] [551.18] [605.66] [680.58]
1837
- January 26
- Michigan admitted as 26th US state. [1] [453.70]
- March 4
- Martin Van Buren is sworn into office as 8th US President. [1] [455.72]
- May 10
- Panic of 1837 begins, as US banks in New York refuse to pay out gold and silver in exchange for deposit notes; beginning of economic depression. [404.44] [408.32] [455.73] [626.46]
- May 11
- Philadelphia and Baltimore banks suspend specie payments. [404.44]
- May 15
- Bank of Virginia suspends specie payments. [408.32] [494.60] [626.46]
- July 27
- US Mint opens in Charlotte, North Carolina. [1] [459.64]
- October 12
- Act of Congress provides for issue of $10 million of Treasury notes. [703.44]
- December 4
- Charlotte Mint receives its first deposit of gold, from Irwin & Wilms. [547.38]
- December 8
- The Charlotte Branch Mint officially opens for receipt and assay of bullion. [548.42]
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