- January 24
- Birth of John Pegram Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1865. [1]
- January 27
- Birth of Lewis Carroll [Charles Lutwidge Dodgson], author (Alice in Wonderland). [1]
- January 28
- Birth of Franz Wullner composer. [1]
- February 6
- Birth of John Brown Gordon Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1904. [1]
- February 16
- Birth of Camille Armand Jules Marie de Polignac Major General (Confederate Army). [1]
- February 25
- Birth of Theodorus J I Arnold bibliographer (Bibliotheca Belgian). [1]
- February 26
- Birth of John George Nicolay US, author (Abe Lincoln's biographer). [1]
- February 27
- Birth of Alfred Pollard Edward Civil War journalist, died in 1872. [1]
- March 1
- Birth of Friedrich Grutzmacher composer. [1]
- March 7
- Birth of Orlando Metcalfe Poe Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1895. [1]
- March 10
- Birth of William Henry Penrose Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1903. [1]
- March 11
- Birth of Franz Melde German physicist (Melde test). [1]
- Birth of William Ruffin Cox Brigadier General (Confederate Army-2nd North Carolina Infantry), died in 1919. [1]
- March 12
- Birth of Charles Boycott Ireland, estate manager/caused boycotts. [1]
- March 13
- Birth of Alberto Randegger composer. [1]
- March 16
- Birth of Charles Camp Doolittle Brevet Major General (Union volunteer). [1]
- March 17
- Birth of Moncure Daniel Conway US, clergyman/author/abolitionist (Life of Thomas Paine). [1]
- Birth of Walter Quintin Gresham Brevet Major General (Union volunteers). [1]
- April 4
- Birth of Jose Echegaray y Elizaguirre playwright/scientist (Teatro Escogido). [1]
- April 5
- Birth of Jules-François Camille Ferry French statesman. [1]
- April 8
- Birth of Alfred von Waldersee Prussian fieldmarshal. [1]
- April 13
- Birth of James Wimshurst British designer/inventor (electricstatic generator). [1]
- April 14
- Birth of James Hewett Ledlie Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1882. [1]
- April 16
- Birth of John A Neuhuys painter. [1]
- April 19
- Birth of José Echegaray y Eizaguirre mathematician/dramatist (Nobel Prize 1904). [1]
- Birth of Lucretia Rudolph in Garrettsville, Ohio, USA; spouse of US President James Garfield (1881). [1] [718.56]
- April 22
- Birth of Julius Sterling Morton Adams New York, (Governor-Nebraska), started Arbor Day. [1]
- May 5
- Birth of H H Bancroft historian, publisher (History of the Pacific States). [1]
- May 7
- Birth of Carl G Neumann German mathematician/physicist (Neumann-functions). [1]
- May 16
- Birth of Philip Danforth Armour founder (Armour Foods). [1]
- May 23
- Birth of Pieter van der Aa Leyden Holland, Dutch Indologist/geographer. [1]
- May 30
- Birth of George Doherty Johnston Brigadier General (Confederate Army). [1]
- June 17
- Birth of Sir William Crookes chemist/physicist; discovered thallium. [1]
- August 2
- Birth of Henry Steel Olcott first president of Theosophical Society. [1]
- August 4
- Birth of Gaspar N£ñez de Arce Spain, poet "Spanish Tennyson". [1]
- October 1
- Birth of Caroline Lavinia Scott Harrison first wife of Benjamin Harrison. [1]
- November 6
- Birth of Joseph Smith son of founder of Mormonism. [1]
- November 7
- Birth of Andrew Dickson White educator/first President of Cornell. [1]
- November 18
- Birth of Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskjold Sweden, Arctic explorer. [1]
- November 26
- Birth of Mary Edwards Walker US, doctor/women's rights leader. [1]
- November 29
- Birth of Louisa May Alcott Germantown Pennsylvania, author (Little Women). [1]
- December 1
- Birth of Archibald Gracie Jr Brigadier-General (Confederate Army), died in 1864. [1]
- December 8
- Birth of Björnstjerne Björnson Norway, novelist (Pa Guds Veje, Nobel Prize-1903). [1]
- December 12
- Birth of Abraham C Wertheim Dutch banker/Member of Parliament (liberal). [1]
- December 14
- Birth of Daniel Harris Reynolds Brigadier-General (Confederate Army), died in 1902. [1]
- December 15
- Birth of Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel French engineer (Eiffel tower). [1]
- December 19
- Birth of John Kirk Barry Scotland, Dr/companion to explorer David Livingstone. [1]
- December 21
- Birth of John Henry Ketcham Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1906. [1]
- December 22
- Birth of Edward Hatch Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1889. [1]
- December 25
- Birth of Thomas Alfred Smyth Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1865. [1]
1833
- January 12
- Birth of Eugen Dühring in Berlin, Germany; political philosopher, professor, writer Captial und Arbeit (1865), Kritische Geschichte der Philosophie (1869) and Cursus der National- und Socialökonomie (1873-92). [37]
- January 21
- Birth of Norman Willis union leader (Britain's Trades Union Congress). [1]
- January 23
- Birth of John Randolph Chambliss Jr Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1864. [1]
- January 24
- Birth of Bernhard Erdmannsdörffer German, historian (Deutsche Geschichte). [1]
- January 28
- Birth of Charles George Gordon London England, military hero/general (China, Khartoum). [1]
- February 1
- Birth of Henry McNeal Turner black methodist bishop. [1]
- February 3
- Birth of Thomas T H Jorissen Dutch historian. [1]
- February 5
- Birth of John Watkinson founder of British Chess Magazine (oldest chess magazine). [1]
- February 6
- Birth of James Ewell Brown "JEB" Stuart Major General (Commander of Cavalry, Confederate Army). [1]
- Birth of José M de Pereda y Sánchez the Porrúa Spanish writer (Sotileza). [1]
- February 7
- Birth of Ricardo Palma Peru, writer/poet (Tradiciones Peruanas). [1]
- February 11
- Birth of Melville Weston Fuller 8th chief justice. [1]
- February 13
- Birth of William Whedbee Kirkland Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1915. [1]
- February 18
- Birth of James Deshler Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1863. [1]
- February 19
- Birth of Élie Ducommun Switzerland, writer/pacifist (Nobel Prize 1902). [1]
- February 22
- Birth of Josef Foerster composer. [1]
- February 24
- Birth of Eduard earl von Taaffe Austrian premier (1868-93). [1]
- February 25
- Birth of Clement Anselm Evans Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1911. [1]
- Birth of Julie Verstraete-Lacquet Flemish actress. [1]
- February 28
- Birth of Alfred von Schlieffen Count/Prussian General-field marshal. [1]
- March 10
- Birth of Pedro Antonio de Alarcón Spain, writer (Three-Cornered Hat). [1]
- March 14
- Birth of John Sappington Marmaduke Major General (Confederate Army). [1]
- Birth of Lucy Hobbs Taylor first US woman dentist (1866). [1]
- March 20
- Birth of Henry Southwick Perkins composer. [1]
- March 26
- Birth of Betsy Perk [Christina E], Dutch journalist/writer/feminist. [1]
- April 2
- Birth of Thomas Howard Ruger Brevet Major General (Union volunteers). [1]
- April 6
- Birth of Johan H C Kern Dutch linguist (Sanskrit, Old Javan). [1]
- April 10
- Birth of David McMurtrie Gregg Brevet Major General (Union volunteers). [1]
- Birth of James Edward Rains Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1862. [1]
- May 5
- Birth of Ferdinand von Richthofen German geographer/explorer. [1]
- May 7
- Birth of Johannes Brahms Hamburg Germany, composer, enjoys a good lullaby. [1]
- May 8
- Birth of Frank Wheaton Brevet Major General (Union Army), died in 1903. [1]
- May 9
- Birth of Boleslaw Dembinski composer. [1]
- August 11
- Birth of Robert Green Ingersoll New York, author/politician/agnostic (Attorney General-Republican-Illinois). [1]
- August 20
- Birth of Benjamin Harrison in North Bend, Ohio, USA; (Republican) 23rd President (1889-1893). [1] [5]
- August 28
- Birth of Sir Edward Burne-Jones England, Pre-Raphaelite painter/designer. [1]
- September 20
- Birth of Ernesto Teodoro Moneta Italy, journalist (Nobel Peace Prize 1907). [1]
- October 21
- Birth of Alfred Bernhard Nobel in Stockholm, Sweden; created dynamite and Peace Prizes (dies 1896). [1] [5]
- November 12
- Birth of Aleksandr Borodin Russia, composer (Robert LeDiable). [1]
- November 13
- Birth of Edwin Thomas Booth US, US Hall of Fame/actor (Hamlet). [1]
- December 6
- Birth of John Singleton Mosby lawyer/Colonel (Confederate Army), died in 1916. [1]
- December 12
- Birth of Matthias Hohner German manufacturer (harmonica). [1]
- December 17
- Birth of James Thadeus Holtzclaw Brigadier-General (Confederate Army), died in 1893. [1]
- December 20
- Birth of Dr Samuel A Mudd convicted of giving medical aid to John Wilkes Booth. [1]
- December 28
- Birth of Charles Miller Shelley Brigadier-General (Confederate Army), died in 1907. [1]
- December 29
- Birth of John James Ingalls (Representative-Kansas). [1]
1834
- January 1
- Birth of Ludovic Halévy Paris France; actor (Carmen). [1]
- January 10
- Birth of John Acton English historian/Member of Parliament. [1]
- January 13
- Birth of Horatio Alger Jr Revere Massachusetts, author (Lost at Sea, Work and Win). [1]
- January 14
- Birth of William Cleaver Francis Robinson composer. [1]
- January 16
- Birth of Albert Lindley Lee Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1907. [1]
- January 17
- Birth of August Weismann in Frankfurt am Main, Germany; professor of medicine at the University of Freiburg, developed of a theory of cellular germ plasm, from which the modern understanding of DNA develops. [37]
- Birth of Wilhelmina J R Albregt-Engelman Dutch actress/daughter of Mimi Bia. [1]
- January 25
- Birth of Pablo Hernandez Salces composer. [1]
- January 27
- Birth of Dmitri Mendeleev chemist (discovered periodic table of the elements). [1]
- Birth of Robert Sanford Foster Brevet Major General (Union volunteers). [1]
- January 30
- Birth of Lord Avebury [John Lubbock], British banker/politician. [1]
- February 6
- Birth of William Dorsey Pender Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1863. [1]
- February 7
- Birth of Dmitri I Mendelejev Russian chemist (devised Periodic Table). [1]
- February 9
- Birth of Felix Dahn writer. [1]
- Birth of Franz Xaver Witt composer. [1]
- February 15
- Birth of Sir William Preece English electrical engineer, wireless pioneer. [1]
- February 16
- Birth of Ernst Heinrich Haeckel Potsdam Germany, biologist (Causes of Evolution). [1]
- February 22
- Birth of Albert Heinrich Zabel composer. [1]
- February 23
- Birth of Gustav Hermann Nachtigal German physician/colonizer/consul in Tunisia. [1]
- February 26
- Birth of Aleksander Zarzycki composer. [1]
- March 4
- Birth of Peter Nicolai von Wilm composer. [1]
- March 17
- Birth of Gottlieb Daimler Germany, engineer/inventor/auto pioneer-designed first motorcycle. [1]
- March 20
- Birth of Charles William Elliot Boston Massachusetts, President of Harvard (1869-1909). [1]
- March 22
- Birth of Francis Asbury Shoup Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1896. [1]
- March 23
- Birth of Julius Reubke composer. [1]
- March 24
- Birth of John Wesley Powell US, geologist/explorer/ethnologist. [1]
- Birth of William Morris England, designer/craftsman/poet/socialist. [1]
- April 1
- Birth of Isidore Edouard Legouix composer. [1]
- April 2
- Birth of Frédéric-Auguste Bertholdi France, sculptor (Statue of Liberty). [1]
- April 21
- Birth of William Rufus Terrill Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1862. [1]
- April 26
- Birth of Artemus Ward [Charles Farrar Browne] humorist. [1]
- Birth of Horatio Richmond Palmer composer. [1]
- May 21
- Birth of Charles-Albert Gobat Switzerland, politician/lawyer/author (Nobel Prize 1902). [1]
- July 10
- Birth of James Abbott McNeill Whistler artist (Whistler's Mother). [5] (July 14 [1])
- July 19
- Birth of Edgar Degas France, impressionist painter (Bouquet). [1]
- July 23
- Birth of James Cardinal Gibbons archbishop of Baltimore. [1]
- August 18
- Birth of Marshall Field founded Chicago-based store chain. [1]
- August 31
- Birth of Amilcare Ponchielli Paderno Italy, composer (I Lituani). [1]
- October 10
- Birth of Aleksis Kivi Finland, playwright (Kullervo, Seitsemän Veljestä). [1]
- December 16
- Birth of Léon Walras French economist (border use theory). [1]
- December 23
- Birth of Thomas R Malthus English vicar/economist (moral restraint). [1]
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